Dermatological patients with itch report more stress, stigmatization experience, anxiety and depression compared to patients without itch: Results from a European multi-centre study.

BACKGROUND: Itch as the most common symptom in dermatology has been shown to be related to psychological factors such as stress, anxiety and depression. Moreover, associations were found between perceived stigmatization and itch. However, studies investigating the differences between patients with dermatoses with and without itch regarding perceived stress, stigmatization, anxiety and depression are missing. Therefore, one of the aims of the second study of the European Society for Dermatology and Psychiatry (ESDaP study II) was to investigate these relationships in a large cohort of patients with different itchy dermatoses. RESULTS: 3399 patients with 14 different itchy dermatoses were recruited at 22 centres in 17 European countries. They filled in questionnaires to assess perceived stigmatization, stress, signs of clinically relevant anxiety or depression, itch-related quality of life, the overall health status, itch duration, frequency and intensity. The most significant association between the severity of itching and the perception of stress was observed among individuals with rosacea (correlation coefficient r = 0.314). Similarly, the strongest links between itch intensity and experiences of stigmatization, anxiety, and depression were found in patients with seborrheic dermatitis (correlation coefficients r = 0.317, r = 0.356, and r = 0.400, respectively). Utilizing a stepwise linear regression analysis, it was determined that within the entire patient cohort, 9.3% of the variation in itch intensity could be accounted for by factors including gender, levels of anxiety, depression, and perceived stigmatization. Females and individuals with elevated anxiety, depression, and perceived stigmatization scores reported more pronounced itch intensities compared to those with contrary attributes. CONCLUSION: This study underscores the connection between experiencing itch and its intensity and the psychological strain it places on individuals. Consequently, psychological interventions should encompass both addressing the itch itself and the interconnected psychological factors. In specific cases, it becomes imperative for dermatologists to direct individuals towards suitable healthcare resources to undergo further psychological assessment.

La influencia del exposoma en el cáncer de piel / Influence of the Exposome on Skin Cancer

El cáncer de piel es el más frecuente del ser humano. Aunque la exposición a la radiación solar constituye el factor causal más conocido y relevante, existe una variación en el riesgo individual no explicada completamente. Diferentes estudios epidemiológicos muestran la influencia de otras radiaciones, como las ionizantes, los pesticidas, las partículas de la polución, o los tóxicos contenidos en el agua o algunos alimentos como el arsénico, en el riesgo del cáncer de piel. Además, algunos agentes vivos como los poliomavirus o el VPH son agentes etiológicos de algunos tipos concretos de cáncer cutáneo. Por último, algunos factores asociados al estilo de vida, como el estrés, el sueño, o el ejercicio podrían influir, aunque son muy escasos los estudios que aporten luz en estas áreas. Todo ello constituye el exposoma del cáncer cutáneo, el conjunto de exposiciones ambientales de un ser humano a lo largo de la vida que, combinados con el genoma y el microbioma, determinan la aparición del mismo

Skin cancer is the most frequent type of cancer in humans. While exposure to solar radiation is the most widely known and relevant causal factor, the different degrees of individual risk have not been fully elucidated. Epidemiological studies show how the risk of skin cancer is affected by other types of radiation (eg, ionizing radiation), pesticides, particulate matter in air pollution, toxins (eg, arsenic) in water and some foods. Some living entities, such as polyomavirus and human papillomavirus, can also cause specific types of cancer. Lastly, lifestyle factors such as stress, sleep, and exercise may play a role, although only a few studies shed light on these factors. The abovementioned factors make up the exposome of skin cancer, that is, the set of environmental exposures that, together with the genome and microbiome, determine the onset of disease

Influence of the Exposome on Skin Cancer. / La influencia del exposoma en el cáncer de piel.

Skin cancer is the most frequent type of cancer in humans. While exposure to solar radiation is the most widely known and relevant causal factor, the different degrees of individual risk have not been fully elucidated. Epidemiological studies show how the risk of skin cancer is affected by other types of radiation (eg, ionizing radiation), pesticides, particulate matter in air pollution, toxins (eg, arsenic) in water and some foods. Some living entities, such as polyomavirus and human papillomavirus, can also cause specific types of cancer. Lastly, lifestyle factors such as stress, sleep, and exercise may play a role, although only a few studies shed light on these factors. The abovementioned factors make up the exposome of skin cancer, that is, the set of environmental exposures that, together with the genome and microbiome, determine the onset of disease.

Revisión sistemática de las terapias con luz en el tratamiento de la hidradenitis supurativa / Systematic Review of Light-Based Treatments for Hidradenitis Suppurativa

La terapia con luz es una alternativa en el tratamiento de la hidradenitis supurativa. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la eficacia, la efectividad y la seguridad de las distintas modalidades de terapia con luz en la hidradenitis supurativa mediante una revisión sistemática que actualiza la realizada en 2015 procedente de la Cochrane Library. Se identificaron los estudios mediante una búsqueda electrónica en las bases de datos: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination database de la Universidad de York, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Skin Register, Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology de la Universidad de Nottingham y TESEO; finalmente se incluyeron 6 series de casos, 3 revisiones sistemáticas y 2 ensayos clínicos de pacientes tratados con terapia fotodinámica convencional o intralesional, láser Nd:YAG, CO2 o diodo y luz intensa pulsada, con un total de 248 pacientes tratados

Treatment options for hidradenitis suppurativa include light-based therapy. This systematic review aimed to update our understanding of the efficacy, effectiveness and safety of these treatments for hidradenitis suppurativa by evaluating the literature published since the 2015 Cochrane review on this topic. We conducted an electronic search of the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, University of York Centre for Reviews and Dissemination database, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Skin Register, University of Nottingham's Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology database, and TESEO. The systematic review included 6 case series, 3 systematic reviews, and 2 clinical trials on the use of conventional and intralesional photodynamic therapy, intense pulsed light therapy, and Nd:YAG, carbon dioxide, and diode laser therapy for hidradenitis suppurative in 248 patients

Body dysmorphic disorder in patients with acne: a multicentre study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental disorder that is difficult to diagnose, causes a lot of suffering and is more prevalent in dermatology patients than in the general population. Our objective was to screen for possible cases of BDD in patients with acne and to determine the prevalence according to DSM-IV and DSM-5 criteria, as well as to analyse the relationship between dermatological and sociodemographic variables. METHODS: A total of 245 patients diagnosed with acne in 11 dermatological centres in Spain were included in the study by members of the Aragon Psychodermatology Research Group and Spanish Research Group of Psychiatric Dermatology. We used the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ) as a screening tool. RESULTS: In our sample, we obtained a prevalence for BDD of 10.6% (95% CI: 7.6-13.6%). The prevalence was the same with DSM-IV or DSM-5 criteria. Possible cases of BDD were predominantly women (P = 0.021), and 56% had non-inflammatory lesions vs. 30% of negative patients (P = 0.002). Positive patients as possible cases of BDD spent more than two hours on average a day worrying about their appearance. Most people only worried about one part of their body (86%), and in 95% of the cases, the part of their body that worried them was the face. The three most frequent compulsive behaviours in patients who screened positive for BDD were mirror checking (90.7%), camouflaging (79.1%) and using make-up (72.1%). CONCLUSIONS: As a consequence of the high prevalence of possible cases of BDD in patients with acne observed in our study, there is a need for dermatologists to screen for BDD so that they can be referred to a mental health unit to confirm the diagnosis and be offered treatment to reduce the progression of psychosocial deterioration and the development of comorbid disorders.

Systematic Review of Light-Based Treatments for Hidradenitis Suppurativa. / Revisión sistemática de las terapias con luz en el tratamiento de la hidradenitis supurativa.

Treatment options for hidradenitis suppurativa include light-based therapy. This systematic review aimed to update our understanding of the efficacy, effectiveness and safety of these treatments for hidradenitis suppurativa by evaluating the literature published since the 2015 Cochrane review on this topic. We conducted an electronic search of the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, University of York Centre for Reviews and Dissemination database, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Skin Register, University of Nottingham's Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology database, and TESEO. The systematic review included 6 case series, 3 systematic reviews, and 2 clinical trials on the use of conventional and intralesional photodynamic therapy, intense pulsed light therapy, and Nd:YAG, carbon dioxide, and diode laser therapy for hidradenitis suppurative in 248 patients.

Edema palpebral unilateral secundario a demodicosis granulomatosa / Unilateral palpebral oedema secondary to granulomatous demodicosis

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Hiperplasias sebáceas eruptivas por ciclosporina en paciente trasplantado renal / Eruptive sebaceous hyperplasias secondary to ciclosporin in a renal transplant patient

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Detección de trastorno dismórfico corporal en pacientes con acné: estudio piloto / Screening for Body Dysmorphic Disorders in Acne Patients: A Pilot Study

Introducción: El trastorno dismórfico corporal (TDC) es una enfermedad mental difícil de diagnosticar; puede causar una gran cantidad de sufrimiento, y el tratamiento a menudo es complejo y desafiante. Material y método: La población de estudio comprendía 81 pacientes ambulatorios dermatológicos consecutivos que cumplían los criterios de inclusión para la participación. Fueron tratados en hospitales en zonas urbanas (Zaragoza) y rurales (Alcañiz). Es un estudio piloto prospectivo y observacional. Se utilizaron como instrumentos de evaluación: a) La escala de gradación del acné de Cook y b) El Cuestionario de Trastorno Dismórfico Corporal (Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire, BDDQ) (traducción al español). Los posibles casos de TDC se identificaron mediante 2 criterios: 1) Un resultado positivo en el BDDQ (4 puntos positivos y una pregunta de exclusión negativa); y 2) Escala de gradación del acné de Cook que reflejó lesiones no perceptibles/leves (los criterios más estrictos) o lesiones moderadas (criterios menos estrictos) Resultados: El rango de edad de los pacientes era de 13 a 43 años. La edad promedio fue 19 con una desviación estándar de 6,2. De los 81 participantes, el 54,3% eran mujeres y el 45,7% eran hombres. El 61,7% vivía en el área rural cubierta por el hospital de Alcañiz y el 38,3% era del área urbana atendida por el Hospital Universitario de Zaragoza. Cuando se aplicaron criterios más restrictivos con respecto a la gravedad de la afección (solo los pacientes con acné leve), el proceso de detección de BDDQ resultó en una tasa de prevalencia de TDC del 8,6% (7 pacientes); si los criterios fueron menos restrictivos (incluidos los pacientes con lesiones moderadas), la tasa fue del 14,8% (12 pacientes). Discusión: Vale la pena recordar que los pacientes con TDC que participaron en este estudio pasan un promedio de 2 h al día pensando y preocupándose por su apariencia. Este hecho es un recordatorio de la importancia de diagnosticar y tratar correctamente el TDC ya que la afección claramente tiene un impacto serio y negativo en las vidas de los afectados

Introduction: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition that is difficult to diagnose; it can cause a great deal of suffering, and treatment is often complex and challenging. Material and method: The study population comprised 81 consecutive dermatology out-patients who met the inclusion criteria for participation. Participants were treated at hospitals in both urban (Zaragoza) and rural areas (Alcañiz). The project was based on a prospective and observational pilot study. Assessment instruments used: Cook's Acne Grading Scale and Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ) (Spanish translation). Possible cases of BDD were identified by means of 2 criteria: 1) A positive result in the BDDQ (4 positive points and a negative exclusion question); and, 2) A Cook's Acne Grading Score that reflected non-noticeable/mild lesions (the most stringent criteria) or moderate lesions (least stringent criteria). Results: The age range of the patients was from 13 to 43 years old. The average age was 19 with a standard deviation of 6.2. Of the 81 participants, 54.3% were women. 61.7% were seen in a rural hospital (Alcañiz Hospital) and 38.3% in an urban one (University Hospital of Zaragoza). When more restrictive criteria regarding the seriousness of the condition were applied (only patients with mild acne), the BDDQ screening resulted in a positive BDD prevalence rate of 8.6% (7 patients); if the criteria were less restrictive (including patients with moderate lesions), the rate was 14.8% (12 patients)

Screening for Body Dysmorphic Disorders in Acne Patients: A Pilot Study. / Detección de trastorno dismórfico corporal en pacientes con acné: estudio piloto.

INTRODUCTION: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition that is difficult to diagnose; it can cause a great deal of suffering, and treatment is often complex and challenging. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study population comprised 81 consecutive dermatology out-patients who met the inclusion criteria for participation. Participants were treated at hospitals in both urban (Zaragoza) and rural areas (Alcañiz). The project was based on a prospective and observational pilot study. Assessment instruments used: Cook's Acne Grading Scale and Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ) (Spanish translation). Possible cases of BDD were identified by means of 2 criteria: 1) A positive result in the BDDQ (4 positive points and a negative exclusion question); and, 2) A Cook's Acne Grading Score that reflected non-noticeable/mild lesions (the most stringent criteria) or moderate lesions (least stringent criteria) RESULTS: The age range of the patients was from 13 to 43 years old. The average age was 19 with a standard deviation of 6.2. Of the 81 participants, 54.3% were women. 61.7% were seen in a rural hospital (Alcañiz Hospital) and 38.3% in an urban one (University Hospital of Zaragoza). When more restrictive criteria regarding the seriousness of the condition were applied (only patients with mild acne), the BDDQ screening resulted in a positive BDD prevalence rate of 8.6% (7 patients); if the criteria were less restrictive (including patients with moderate lesions), the rate was 14.8% (12 patients). DISCUSION: Patients who screened positive for BDD reported spending an average of 2hours a day thinking and worrying about their appearance. These results highlight the importance of screening for possible cases of BDD in order to follow up these patients and recommend they be seen by a mental health specialist to confirm the diagnose and offer treatment for the disorder. BDD has a serious and negative impact on the lives of those affected.

Lesión dianiforme ampollosa en la mano de un ganadero: una entidad relevante para un médico rural / Targetoid bullous lesion in a farmer's hand: a relevant entity to a country doctor

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Mycobacterium fortuitum infection after acupuncture treatment.

Actinic keratoses are cutaneous lesions that appear as the result of the proliferation of atypical keratinocytes. These lesions are considered pre-malignant and they can progress to squamous cell carcinoma. Ingenol mebutate has been approved as an effective treatment for AK on the face and trunk. We studied the local skin reactions to this therapy. Data about local skin reactions were collected in a series of 5 patients with photographic documentation, a visual analog scale, and a ranking of satisfaction of the patient. Moderate to severe reactions were reported in most of patients, but only one stopped treatment early. The short duration of treatment contributes to high adherence to the therapy.

Resistencias al tratamiento no quirúrgico en cáncer cutáneo no melanoma. Parte I: tratamientos tópicos / Resistance of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer to Nonsurgical Treatments. Part I: Topical Treatments

En la actualidad existe una amplia variedad de tratamientos para el cáncer cutáneo no melanoma (CCNM), como son 5-fluorouracilo, mebutato de ingenol, imiquimod, diclofenaco, terapia fotodinámica (TFD), metotrexato, cetuximab, vismodegib, radioterapia, todos ellos con altas tasas de respuesta clínica e histológica. Sin embargo, algunos tumores no responden al tratamiento, debido a la aparición de resistencias, tanto primarias como adquiridas. El estudio de los procesos de resistencia es un campo extenso de investigación que conlleva ampliar los conocimientos de la naturaleza de cada tumor, las características biológicas que lo hacen resistente y el diseño de nuevas terapias dirigidas contra los mismos. En el presente artículo se revisan las resistencias a los tratamientos tópicos autorizados para el CCNM

A wide range of treatments is now available for nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), including 5-fluorouracil, ingenol mebutate, imiquimod, diclofenac, photodynamic therapy, methotrexate, cetuximab, vismodegib, and radiotherapy. All are associated with high clinical and histologic response rates. However, some tumors do not respond due to resistance, which may be primary or acquired. Study of the resistance processes is a broad area of research that aims to increase our understanding of the nature of each tumor and the biologic features that make it resistant, as well as to facilitate the design of new therapies directed against these tumors. In this article we review resistance to the authorized topical treatments for NMSC